The outermost or upper layer of the skin is called the epidermis this is the part that we see, feel and touch. Structure and function of skin health and social care essay. Functions of the skin rooks textbook of dermatology. Langerhans cells in the skin are part of the adaptive immune system. When this mechanical impact is stronger than the skin, a wound will occur, as a breakage through skin with loss of one or more of the skin functions. It contains two essential components, cells and lipids, which are tightly layered like a brick wall. The skin structure can be broadly categorized into the nonviable epidermis called stratum corneum sc, the viable epidermis and dermis. The skin consists of three main layers epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue. The skin not only gives the bodys appearance and shape, it also serves other important functions too. The structure and function of skin 3rd edition elsevier. The skin is made up of three distinct layers, all with their own distinct functions. One of the most important functions of the skin is protection. Structure of the skin layers of skin types of skin types of skin cells integumentary system duration. Skin performs a wide variety of functions resulting from chemical and physical reactions inside these components.
Seminar on functions of skin slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. In terms of chemical composition the skin is about 70% water, 25% protein and 2% lipids. Older people are more likely to claim sensitivity of genital skin than younger 1. The skin protects us from microbes and the elements, helps regulate body temperature, and permits the. Prevents loss of essential body fluids, and penetration of toxic substances. Structure and function of the skin skin disorders msd. Located on the outermost layer covering a living body. The function of skin is to protect the bodys underlying structures from bacterial invasion, drying out, and harmful light rays.
It can happen as a result of aging, weight loss or, in some cases. Nevertheless, by knowing them even in part it is easier to identify the functions that our skin fulfills. Today, we fortunately know a lot more about our skin and what its supposed to do. Feb 26, 2019 a human skin equivalent hse skin model used for dermatology research, made from the same primary human cells but grown to a defined specification in a laboratory and not as complex as human skin. Drawing upon the accumulated data derived from embryology, histology, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology, this book presents an overview of skin, with emphasis on human skin. Melanin is a natural pigment that the skin produces when exposed to uvb radiation. A soft and smooth b dry in spots, but fine everywhere else c tight and dry all over d a little oily 2. Typical coursework questions ask for 5 functions of the skin, 3 functions of the skin, and similar. Human skin, in human anatomy, the covering, or integument, of the bodys surface that both provides protection and receives sensory stimuli from the external environment. Your skin is actually your bodys largest organ, with a surface area of over six feet 1. Skin conditions are visible in this skin, beauty and imageconscious society, the way patients are accepted by other people is an important consideration for nurses. The skin also consists of accessory organs, such as glands, hair, and nails, thus making up the integumentary system. Lss the skin alexandra burkesmith 1 introduction to the skin the skin 1 prof tony chu t.
Lss the skin alexandra burkesmith introduction to the skin. Protects from mechanical damage, elastin allows skin reformation after deformation, subcutaneous fat allows to absorb shock. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The skin surface is not smooth, but is laced with multiple net works of fine grooves called sulci cutis.
Oily secretions onto the surface of the skin form an acidic protective film ph 4. It covers the body entirely and is comprised of primarily two layers. From the 15th century to the 19th century, for instance, pale white skin was in fashion. The epidermis is the relatively thin, tough, outer layer of the skin. The skin is far more than just the outer covering of human beings. The epidermis is the uppermost or epithelial layer of the skin.
The first function of the skin is give protection to the body tissues. Skin is the largest and heaviest organ in the human body. The dermis, the skins next layer, is a thick layer of fibrous and elastic tissue made mostly of collagen, with a small but important component of elastin that gives the skin its flexibility and strength. The skin is a barrier to microorganisms, water, and excessive sunlight uv light. It acts as a physical barrier, preventing loss of water from the body, and preventing entry of substances and organisms into the body. The stratum corneum, also known as the skin barrier, is the outermost layer of skin which protects us from the environment. The major function of skin is to act as a barrier to the exterior environment. From the functional point of view, sensory receptors can be divided in mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, nociceptors and pruriceptors. They are functions except watertight barrier isnt really the best desciption. The skin is the largest organ in the body, comprising about 15% of body weight. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. They originate from cells in the deepest layer of the epidermis called the basal layer. Jun 24, 20 seminar on functions of skin slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising.
Many other cosmetics had various combinations of lead, arsenic and mercury that peeled away skin and left terrible scars source. Structure and function of skin, hair and nails sciencedirect. Purchase the structure and function of skin 3rd edition. Some of the most important skin functions are listed below2017a.
Beneath the surface of the skin are nerves, nerve endings, glands, hair follicles, and blood vessels. The dermis contains nerve endings, sweat glands and oil glands. Mar 25, 2009 they are functions except watertight barrier isnt really the best desciption. Skin keeps the body from excessive water and electrolyte loss. A range of models has been developed, including ex vivo human skin, usually obtained from cadavers or plastic surgery patients, ex vivo animal skin, and artificial or reconstructed skin models. Skin is a sensory organ with the ablity to perceive many sensations. There are two sections of the skin, the epidermis and the dermis, each of which aids in the functions in a different way. Due to the tight packing of cells in the outermost layer of the epidermis the stratum corneum layer, our skin helps us retain necessary body fluids and moisture, and protects us from the. This barrier is analogous to a brick wall, with the corneocytes acting as the bricks and the lamellar lipids as the mortar. The epidermis, which consists of several layers, is mostly made of dead epithelial skin. Beneath the dermis lies the hypodermis or subcutaneous fatty tissue. Skin helps regulates body temperature the dermis has thermoreceptors that transmit signals to the brain and back to the blood vessels of the dermis. It performs many vital functions, including protection against external physical, chemical, and biologic assailants, as well as prevention of ex cess water loss from the body and a role in thermoregulation.
A soft and smooth b dry in spots, but fine everywhere else c tight and dry all over. A factor of antimetabolic syndrome article pdf available in diabetology and metabolic syndrome 41. Testing can help assess your risk of excessive bleeding or developing clots. Layers of skin the skin is composed of three layers. The skin has 6 main functions which are ethica skin. Because skin is a poor conductor of heat it protects against heat damage to internal organs and help to regulate temperature. The structure of the skin is divided into three layers, the. This reservoir can be used during hard exercise or in an emergency skin turns pale.
Most of the cells in the epidermis are keratinocytes. You will learn about skin ailments, from acne to skin cancer, and how to prevent them. Therefore, our skin is deemed as our bodys first line of defense. The prevalence of atopic eczema and other dry skin conditions is increasing, suggesting that environmental factors are of major importance in its aetiology. In order to achieve this look, many fashionable women and men would bleach their skin with a mixture of lead and vinegar to stay on top of the trend. Immunity skin contains cells that are involved in defense mechanisms. The skin is the largest organ of the body, accounting for about 15% of the total adult body weight. The skin protects the tissues of the body from mechanical damage and from bacteria. This means it can be the warning sign of some diseases or dysfunctions.
The skin, or integument, is considered an organ because it consists of all four tissue types. It is also the largest organ of the human body, providing around 10% of the body mass of. Dr anthony yung, dermatologist, waikato district health board, hamilton, new zealand. How to find your skin type pick the most correct answer, then go back and see which letter either a, b, c, or d you choose most frequently.
Part 2 will provide an overview of the accessory structures of the skin and their functions. Homeostasis function of the skin biology flashcards quizlet. A section of skin with various accessory organs is shown in figure 1. Thats why people with darker skin more melanin are at lower risk of skin. Homeostasis function of the skin biology flashcards. The structure of the skin is divided into three layers, the epidermis, the dermis and the hypodermis. Understanding the structure and function of the skin. Intact skin is essential for life, illustrated by the serious nature of extensive thermal burns the mortality risk of a 40% total body surface area burn in a 70yearold patient is 94%. It performs many vital functions, including protection against external physical, chemical, and biologic assailants, as well as prevention of excess water loss from the body and a role in thermoregulation. Oct 29, 2014 structure of the skin layers of skin types of skin types of skin cells integumentary system duration. It prevents harmful pathogens and toxic substances from entering the body. From the functional point of view, sensory receptors can be divided in mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, nociceptors and. The dermis, the skin s next layer, is a thick layer of fibrous and elastic tissue made mostly of collagen, with a small but important component of elastin that gives the skin its flexibility and strength.
The skin is the largest organ of the body, with a total area of about 20 square feet. Coagulation tests measure your bloods ability to clot and how long it takes. The function of the skin the skin is the largest human organ and in adults covers a total surface of about 2 square metres and has a total weight of about 4. This article gives an overview of the structure and functions of the skin. It can also reveal diseases or dysfunctions of other organs. In direct contact with the outside environment, the skin helps to maintain four essential bodily functions. It is a waterproof, airtight and flexible barrier between the environment and internal organs. The dermis contains nerve endings, sweat glands and oil glands sebaceous glands, hair follicles, and blood vessels. Aug 22, 2011 functions of the skin the structure and physiology of the skin are obviously much more complex than we have been able to describe in the present work. Throughout history, people have done some strange things to their skin. Finally, we will look at the promising research scientists are doing to improve skin care to keep your skin healthy for a lifetime.
It is a complex epithelial and mesenchymal tissue comprising a multilayered stratified epidermis, adnexal structures such as hair follicles, sweat glands and sebaceous glands, a dermis containing collagen and elastic fibres, and underlying subcutaneous fat. The stratum corneum provides the epidermal barrier to water loss from the skin. Had it not been for our skin, the body will lose water excessively through evaporation. The normal structure and function of skin normal wound healing burns classification treatments stem cells prognosis socialethicallegal issues child abuse normal structure and function of the skin normal structure of skin. It protects the body from friction and impact wounds with its. Intact skin is essential for life, illustrated by the serious nature of extensive thermal burns the mortality risk of a 40% total body surface area burn in a 70yearold patient is 94% secretions. Structure and function of the skin wound care education. A youbeauty answered turkey neckas its charmingly calledis what happens when the skin underneath your chin becomes loose and lax, resembling you guessed it a turkeys wattle. Functions of the skin the structure and physiology of the skin are obviously much more complex than we have been able to describe in the present work.
Structure and function of the skin msd manual consumer version. The most obvious functions of the skin are to provide a protective physical barrier between the body and the environment, preventing the inward and outward passage of water and electrolytes, reducing penetration by destructive chemicals, arresting the penetration of micro. The structure and function of skin, third edition is devoted to all matters pertaining to the structure and function of the skin. A human skin equivalent hse skin model used for dermatology research, made from the same primary human cells but grown to a defined specification. Fatty acids in sebum lower ph, and directly inhibit the growth of microbes. Blood reservoir blood vessels in the skin carry 810% of the total blood flow in a resting adult.
It keeps the internal environment of our body stable. The skin is an organ that provides the outer protective wrapping for all the body parts. Describe the principal functions of the skin and its components. Unless there is a cut on the skin, nothing can penetrate the skin as this layer assures the protection of different inner parts as well. Besides providing a layer of protection from pathogens, physical abrasions, and radiation from the sun, the skin serves many functions.
Geographical differences have also been observed in the prevalence of skin sensitivity. The five functions of the skin are protection, regulation of heat, secretion, excretion and absorption, according to skin genetix. The skin has very important vital functions for keeping the physiological and biochemical conditions of the body in its optimum state. The total skin surface of an adult ranges from 1220 square feet. It also protects the body from losing too much water through evaporation.
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